Modern biotechnology : panacea or new Pandora's box? / Johannes Tramper and Yang Zhu.

Translated from Dutch.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

PREFACE PART ONE: INTRODUCTION - MODERN DIOTECHNOLOGY: PANACEA OR NEW PANDORA'S BOX? MODERN IOTECHNOLOGY A BLESSING OR A CURSET 11 What is (modern) biotechnology? 12 Bioethics Textbox 11 Structure and function of genetic material. 13 Bioterrorism 14. Recombinant DNA technology Textbox 12 A Triple lock" on the door! 15. Biotechnology debate saaunos vi 2 MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY FOOD FOR DISCUSSION! 2.1 The history in a nutshell Textbox 21. The recombinant DNA technology Textbox 22 Heman, the transgenic bul 22 Supporters and opponents Textbox 23 The transgenic tomato "Flavr Savr 23 Why transgenic plants? 24 Why transgenic animals? Textbox 24. Dolly the clone. 25 Gene and stem cell therapy 26 EU Legislation 27 Conclusion LC 28 Sources EGENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS AND THE EUROPEAN UNION 3.1 Introduction Textbox 3.1. Vatican GM not against God's will 32 Seven focal points to accept GM crops within the EU Textbox 32 The 20-year environmental salety record of GM trees Textbox 3.3 Moderm biotechnology scientific victim? Textbox 34. The precautionary principle. Textbox 35 Statiatics as a framework for decision making 33 Conclusions 34 Sources
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ERREEEEEEEE PART TWO: OUR DAILY FOOD AND DRINK 4 CHEESE: DIOTECHNOLOGY THROUGH THE AGES 41 Old cheese 42 Traditional curding Textbox 41 Cheese alance 43 Moderm curding Textbox 42 The PluGbug technology 4.4. Cheese ripening now and in the future Textbox 43. Rpening agents Textbox 44. The NICE system 45 The final question Textbox 4.5. Acceptability of genetically modified cheese. 4.6. Sources S. DIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE BAKERY: ON THE RISE 51 Our daily bread Textbox 5.1. Sourdough 52 Baker's yeast uonog es Textbox 52 Baker's yeast 54 Bread improvers 55. Enzymes Textbox 53. Acrylamide reduction 5.6. Recombinant enzymes Textbox 5.4 Bread enzymes are also good for the environment 5.7 Transgenic crops Textbox 5.5 AMFEPS policy declaration on modem biotechnology 5.8 Legisiation 5.9 In conclusion 5 10 Sources G WINE: ONE OF THE OLDEST BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS 61 What is wine? 62 The first wine Textbox 6.1 The amphora and traditional Greek wine: retsina 63. Alcohol as a stimulant 64 The scientific discoverer. Louis Pasteur 6.5 How la wine made? 6.6 Enzymes are the solution! 67 Champagne with a fick of the wrist 6.8 Manipulation of wine yeast
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Textor 62 GM ynasts Pe neat battegound? 69 Manpulation of the grapes Textbox 63 GM Grapes Rase Hopes for Mtwest Wine Industry 610 Winemakers raise their glasses tobiotechnology 611 in concusion 6 12. Sources ZMLAT FROM THE BIOTECH VAT adoos i 72 Animal leed Textbor 71 Recombinant gelatin 74 Meat processng 75 Cloned meat 76 New developments 77 Botechnological meat substitutes Textbox 72 Happy Birthday 78 in conclusion Happy Meat! 79 Sources IZI FRANKENFOOD 81 Food and gernes 82 Justifed lears? 83 Are GM foods harmful to health? Textbox 8I Rsk assessment of GMO. Textbor 82 Geneticaly modified rice fights allergies 85. Who e lelling the whole truth7 Textbox 83 Golden Rice. 86 ls there a luture lor transgenic crops? Taxtbor 84 Chopping onions without lears 07 Conclusions A on F 88 Sources PART THREE: HEALTH HAS LIMITS ISI ANTIBIOTICS DI Antibiotics iMe-saving biotechnology 02 The bactena fght back Taxttar 91 Phanen drug development Taxtbon 92 Viotudes of a typical ant-ntectives botech company pdad u ce
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uoorpd o e Acs Dupu y se a Tang another look at phages 97 Conclusons A Sources 10. HORMONES NATURAL REGULLATORS 101 What are hormones? HOHI Oou urH ZO Tesbor 10 The French EPO lest Texbo 102 Operacon Puerto fe s open 104 Pregon ocde stmulatnghormone (FSH) 105 in conclusion saros o1 GENE THERAPTA PANACEA FOR GENETIC ADNORMALITIES7 Adema d M 112 Ashort history of gene therapy Tentter 111 The Gelinger case Teator 112 Gyoera gene therapy for ipoprotein-ipase deficient patients 113 SCID chidren 114 Gene therapy in the uterus 115 Not everyng can be treated (yet) Textor 113 Genetics in a nutahel Dudop o s Texbon 11S Homone mafa becomes gene mafa 117 Gene therapy not yet a panacea or a revolution Texttos 114 The German muscleman senog 12. XENOTRANSPLANTATION 12.1 The hstory of senotransplantation a shocking past Textbos 121 The frst senotransplantation Tebor 122 Human rejuvenation transplants. 12.2 The trangernc spare part pg Tesber 123 The mmune ystem -some basic facts Textor 124 Dyegulated coagulaton in pig-to-primate senotransplantaton 123 Panderc nska 124 Gocal and ethcal spects Texto 125 Wilem Ko
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Teo 12 The rt man 126 Sourcm THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT 131 The human genome Duort d umu CE Tebor 13 Dary of Karen Ren Apri 20sa 135. W Neheriands cme on the bandwagon 136. The supres of the genome 137 Where arew now Tevto 133 The Personal Genome Proect d m do t od o dna zeI o 13.8 n concon Teto 134 Reang gers 139 Sources 4STEM CELL THERAPT PROMISNG AND CONTROVERSIALI 141 Human embryonc sem ceare hor 142 From Buh to Obama 143 The controversies 144 What nasm cel (erpy? 14.5 Types of stem cets 148 The marg of human embryon stem ce ine Tebos 14I Pemplantaton gerete dagroste Texbo 142 Human embryos coned 147 Formation of induced human embryonic plurpotent stem cells by dditeretaton Tabon 143 Sumay of key SSCR pures br eaaton of am cel rch cin ros E PART FOUR EPILOGUE: CASSANDRA IS MODERN DIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSET
Index.

According to Greek mythology Pandora was sent down to earth upon the orders of Zeus. She was given a mysterious box which she was not allowed to open. However, Pandora was very curious and when she arrived on earth she couldn?t help taking a peek inside the box. She saw that it was filled with gifts and calamities and to her astonishment they all escaped and spread throughout humanity, with all the dire consequences thereof. Only hope was left at the bottom. Figuratively speaking, Pandora's box today represents a source of much suffering. Is modern biotechnology just such a Pandora's box, as the anti-biotechnology lobby would have us believe? Or can we selectively release the gifts and turn this new Pandora's box into a Panacea?Modern biotechnology makes use of the recombinant DNA technology to genetically modify microorganisms, plants and animals in order to make them more suitable for all kinds of applications, such as cultivating food crops, baking bread, making wine, antibiotics and hormones, xenotransplantation, and gene- and stem cell therapy. The book also particularly addresses the controversial aspects of these applications.