Accuracy of Fit of Crowns generated from Digital Images Using Two Extra-Oral Scanners and CAD/CAM Systems / Mai Salah El-din Abdel-Azim; supervisor: Ashraf Hussein Sherif, Ahmed Naguib Mohammed, Shereen Ahmed Nossair.

Thesis (M. Sc)-future University, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, 2019.

Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) techniques have been introduced into dentistry to simplify and improve the quality of final restorations. CAD stands for computer-aided design, or the process by which a computer is responsible for planning, designing, and modeling of digital images obtained by scanning or acquired in a database. The mathematical models designed by CAD systems are interpreted by computational elements. CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) systems receive the object data digitally acquired and make it tangible through prototyping.
CAD/CAM aims to overcome certain physical limitations of conventional means, such as the dimensional changes of impression materials, the expansion of dental stone, and human errors associated with final restoration fabrication, thus reducing processing time as well as cost.
Duret was the first one to introduce the first generation of CAD/CAM system in 1973 , then the CAD/CAM concept was further developed by Mormann et al to produce CEREC system . CEREC system (an acronym for chairside Economical restoration of esthetic ceramics) was the first commercially available digital impression system for use in the field of dentistry, ver the past 25 years, CAD/CAM technology has become extremely popular. It is widely being used, in dental laboratories and in dental offices, to design and machine various restorations, veneers, inlays, onlays, crowns, fixed dental prostheses, implant abutments, cast removable partial dentures and even full-mouth rehabilitation.