Oxford textbook of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy / D.G. Grahame-Smith, J.K. Aronson.
Material type:
TextPublisher: Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2002Edition: Third editionDescription: xiv, 641 pages : illustrations ; 28 cmContent type: - text
- unmediated
- volume
- 0192632345 (pbk.)
- 0198509448 (hbk.)
- 9780195697315 (pbk.)
- Textbook of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy
- Clinical pharmacology and drug therapy
- 615.58 22 G.D.O
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Main library A11 | Pharmacy ( Pharmacology ) | 615.58 G.D.O (Browse shelf(Opens below)) | Available | 00007032 | ||
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| 615.58 E.M.I Introduction to clinical pharmacology / | 615.58 E.M.I Introduction to clinical pharmacology / | 615.58 E.M.I Introduction to clinical pharmacology / | 615.58 G.D.O Oxford textbook of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy / | 615.58 G.D.O Oxford textbook of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy / | 615.58 H Handbook of applied therapeutics / | 615.58 H Handbook of applied therapeutics / |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Section 1 Clinical pharmacology: the scientific basis of drug therapy
1 The four processes of drug therapy
1.1 The pharmaceutical process p. 4
1.2 The pharmacokinetic process p. 5
1.3 The pharmacodynamic process p. 5
1.4 The therapeutic process p. 5
2 The pharmaceutical process: is the drug getting into the patient?
2.1 Patient compliance/concordance p. 7
2.2 Systemic availability (bioavailability) p. 8
2.3 Special drug formulations p. 9
3 The pharmacokinetic process: is the drug getting to its site of action?
3.1 Drug absorption and systemic availability p. 13
3.2 Drug distribution p. 15
3.3 Drug metabolism p. 17
3.4 Drug excretion p. 19
3.5 Simple pharmacokinetic calculations p. 20
3.6 The mathematics of pharmacokinetics p. 29
4 The pharmacodynamic process: is the drug producing the required pharmacological effect?
4.1 The types of pharmacological actions of drugs p. 35
4.2 Stereoisomerism and drug action p. 42
4.3 Graded responses to drugs: the dose-responsive curve in drug therapy p. 43
5 The therapeutic process: is the pharmacological being translated into a therapeutic effect?
5.1 Translation of the pharmacological effect of a drug into a therapeutic effect during short-term drug therapy p. 47
5.2 Translation of the pharmacological effect of a drug into a therapeutic effect during long-term drug therapy p. 50
5.3 The aims of drug therapy p. 53
6 Practical applications of the analysis of drug therapy
6.1 The application of pharmacokinetics to the planning of drug dosage regimens p. 57
6.2 The application of the processes of drug therapy in analysing failure to respond to treatment p. 61
7 Monitoring drug therapy
7.1 Monitoring the therapeutic effects of drugs p. 68
7.2 Monitoring the pharmacodynamic effects of drugs p. 69
7.3 Monitoring drug pharmacokinetics (plasma concentration measurement) p. 71
8 Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics
8.1 Pharmacokinetic genetic variations p. 79
8.2 Pharmacodynamic genetic variations p. 83
9 Adverse reactions to drugs
9.1 History p. 89
9.2 Incidence of adverse drug reactions p. 90
9.3 Classification of adverse drug reactions p. 90
9.4 Dose-related adverse drug reactions p. 92
9.5 Non-dose-related adverse drug reactions p. 94
9.6 Long-term and withdrawal effects causing adverse drug reactions p. 96
9.7 Delayed effects causing adverse drug reactions p. 98
9.8 Surveillance methods used in detecting adverse drug reactions p. 99
10 Drug interactions
10.1 Incidence of significant drug interactions p. 105
10.2 Drugs likely to be involved in interactions p. 106
10.3 Pharmaceutical interactions p. 106
10.4 Pharmacokinetic interactions p. 107
10.5 Pharmacodynamic interactions p. 113
10.6 Lists of clinically important drug interactions p. 117
11 Drug therapy in young and old people
11.1 Drug therapy in young people p. 119
11.2 Drug therapy in old people p. 123
12 Drug therapy and reproduction
12.1 Hormonal contraception p. 127
12.2 Hormone replacement therapy p. 130
12.3 The treatment of infertility p. 130
12.4 Drug therapy during pregnancy p. 131
12.5 Drug therapy in the termination of pregnancy and in the management of pre-term labour and labour p. 138
12.6 Drug therapy and breastfeeding p. 139
13 Patient compliance/concordance
13.1 Factors that affect compliance p. 141
13.2 Methods of measuring compliance p. 142
13.3 Methods of improving compliance p. 143
14 Placebos
14.1 Uses and abuses of placebos p. 145
14.2 Factors that influence the response to placebos p. 146
14.3 Mode of action of placebos p. 146
14.4 Adverse effects of placebos p. 146
15 Drug discovery and development: the pharmaceutical industry and the regulatory authorities
15.1 Drug discovery p. 147
15.2 Drug development p. 149
15.3 Post-marketing surveillance p. 150
15.4 Advertising p. 150
15.5 Regulatory authorities p. 150
15.6 Local drug and therapeutics committees p. 151
15.7 Drug costs p. 151
16 Drug trials
16.1 Definition of a clinical trial p. 154
16.2 The conduct of a clinical trial p. 164
16.3 Ethics p. 164
17 The drug history and the clinical examination and investigation of drug effects
17.1 Taking the drug history p. 167
17.2 Clinical examination and investigation of drug effects p. 169
17.3 The importance of good records and communication p. 170
Section 2 Practical prescribing
18 Principles of prescribing
18.1 The benefit:risk ratio in prescribing p. 173
18.2 Evidence-based medicine p. 175
18.3 How to choose a drug p. 175
19 How to write a prescription
19.1 Practical prescription writing p. 181
19.2 Proprietary names versus approved names p. 184
19.3 Prescribing controlled drugs p. 187
19.4 Repeat prescribing p. 187
19.5 Abbreviations p. 188
20 Sources of information on drugs
20.1 Pharmaceutical information p. 189
20.2 Pharmacokinetics p. 190
20.3 Pharmacological effects of drugs p. 190
20.4 Therapeutic p. 190
20.5 Pharmacogenetics p. 190
20.6 Adverse effects of drugs p. 190
20.7 Drug interactions p. 190
20.8 Clinical trials p. 190
20.9 Patient compliance p. 190
20.10 Prescribing information p. 190
20.11 Computerized databases p. 191
20.12 Drug information services p. 191
20.13 Bibliography p. 191
Section 3 The drug therapy of disease
21 Introduction to drug therapy p. 197
22 The drug therapy of infectious diseases
22.1 Antibacterial drugs: the treatment of bacterial infections p. 200
22.2 Chemotherapy of viral infections p. 210
22.3 Chemotherapy of protozoal infections p. 214
22.4 Chemotherapy of helminthic infections p. 218
22.5 Chemotherapy of trematode infections p. 218
22.6 Chemotherapy of fungal infections p. 218
22.7 Prevention of infections using vaccines and immunoglobulins p. 220
22.8 The drug treatment of sexually transmitted diseases p. 222
23 The drug therapy of cardiovascular disorders
23.1 Hypertension p. 226
23.2 Angina pectoris p. 233
23.3 Acute myocardiat infarction p. 236
23.4 Cardiac arrhythmias p. 241
23.5 Cardiac failure p. 248
23.6 Infective endocarditis p. 253
23.7 Venous thromboembolic disease p. 255
24 The drug therapy of respiratory diseases
24.1 The use of oxygen in respiratory disorders p. 260
24.2 Cough p. 260
24.3 Pneumonias p. 261
24.4 Chronic obstructive lung disease p. 263
24.5 Bronchial asthma p. 263
24.6 Pulmonary tuberculosis p. 270
24.7 Inflammatory lung disorders p. 272
24.8 Cystic fibrosis p. 273
24.9 Drug-induced respiratory disorders p. 273
25 The drug therapy of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and biliary disorders
25.1 Antacids p. 276
25.2 Antiemetics p. 277
25.3 Peptic ulceration p. 279
25.4 Laxatives p. 282
25.5 Antidiarrhoeal drugs p. 283
25.6 Irritable bowel syndrome p. 284
25.7 Gastrointestinal infections p. 284
25.8 Ulcerative colitis p. 285
25.9 Crohn's disease p. 287
25.10 Drugs and the liver p. 288
25.11 Drug therapy in the treatment of chronic liver disease p. 291
25.12 Drug treatment of gallstones p. 292
26 Drugs and the kidney and the drug therapy of renal, urinary tract, and prostatic disorders
26.1 Diuretic therapy p. 296
26.2 Potassium depletion p. 300
26.3 Hyperkalaemia p. 301
26.4 The place of drugs in the management of acute renal insufficiency p. 301
26.5 The place of drugs in the management of chronic renal insufficiency p. 302
26.6 The drug treatment of glomerulonephritis p. 305
26.7 Drugs in the treatment of urinary tract infection p. 306
26.8 Drug treatment of urinary calculi p. 307
26.9 Drugs and the urinary bladder: the treatment of incontinence, detrusor instability, and enuresis p. 307
26.10 Drug therapy of tumours of the kidney p. 308
26.11 Drug therapy of prostatic disease p. 308
26.12 Drug-induced renal damage p. 309
26.13 Drugs and dialysis p. 310
27 The drug therapy of endocrine and metabolic disorders
27.1 Disorders of the pituitary gland p. 313
27.2 Disorders of the adrenal gland p. 316
27.3 Disorders of the thyroid gland p. 318
27.4 Disorders of calcium metabolism p. 321
27.5 Diabetes mellitus p. 324
27.6 Disorders of lipid metabolism p. 333
27.7 The management of obesity p. 337
28 The drug therapy of blood disorders
28.1 Anaemias p. 339
28.2 Myeloproliferative disorders p. 342
28.3 Lymphoproliferative disorders p. 343
28.4 Acute leukaemias p. 344
28.5 Monoclonal gammopathies p. 345
28.6 Drug-induced blood dyscrasias p. 346
28.7 Complications of blood transfusion p. 348
28.8 Blood substitutes p. 349
29 The drug therapy of disorders of bones and joints
29.1 Arthritis p. 351
29.2 Gout and hyperuricaemia p. 358
29.3 Musculoskeletal disorders caused by drugs p. 360
29.4 Paget's disease of bone p. 360
29.5 The prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis p. 362
30 The drug therapy of neurological disorders
30.1 Meningitis and encephalitis p. 363
30.2 Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism p. 365
30.3 Epilepsy p. 367
30.4 Migraine p. 370
30.5 Myasthenia gravis p. 372
30.6 Muscle spasticity p. 374
30.7 Vertigo p. 375
30.8 Trigeminal neuralgia p. 376
30.9 Drug-induced movement disorders p. 376
31 The drug therapy of psychiatric disorders
31.1 Mechanisms of action of drugs used in psychiatric disorders p. 377
31.2 The use of psychotropic drugs p. 380
32 The relief of pain
32.1 Anatomical and neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying pain sensation p. 389
32.2 Mechanisms of action of analgesics p. 390
32.3 Principles underlying the use of analgesics in the treatment of pain p. 391
32.4 The practical use of analgesics p. 893
32.5 The treatment of intractable pain in terminal malignant disease p. 395
32.6 Postoperative pain p. 396
33 General anaesthesia and local anaesthetics
33.1 Premedication p. 398
33.2 Induction of anaesthesia p. 398
33.3 Muscle relaxants p. 398
33.4 Maintenance of anaesthesia p. 400
33.5 Postoperative medication p. 404
33.6 Local anaesthetics p. 405
34 Drug dependence and abuse
34.1 Factors that predispose to drug dependence p. 411
34.2 Opiates p. 412
34.3 Cocaine and amphetamines (including Ecstasy) p. 414
34.4 Cannabis p. 415
34.5 LSD and other psychedelic drugs p. 416
34.6 Solvents and nitrites p. 416
34.7 Alcohol p. 416
34.8 Benzodiazepines p. 417
34.9 Barbiturates p. 418
34.10 Anabolic steroids p. 418
34.11 Tobacco (nicotine) p. 418
34.12 Accounts of drug dependence p. 419
35 The management of poisoning
35.1 The immediate management of the acutely ill patient p. 000
35.2 The detailed management of poisoning p. 000
35.3 Sources of information p. 000
35.4 Agents used in the treatment of poisoning p. 000
36 The principles of cancer chemotherapy
36.1 Tumour responsiveness to chemotherapy p. 438
36.2 The actions of chemotherapeutic drugs relevant to the clinical uses p. 439
36.3 Clinical evaluation of tumours before and after treatment p. 442
36.4 Combination chemotherapy p. 442
36.5 Regimens for cancer chemotherapy p. 442
36.6 Adverse effects of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy p. 442
36.7 The practical use of cytotoxic drugs p. 444
37 Immunosuppression and the drug therapy of allergies, connective tissue disorders, and primary immunodeficiencies
37.1 Immune disease: pathogenesis and mechanisms of action of drugs p. 447
37.2 The use of glucocorticoids as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and immunosuppressive agents p. 450
37.3 The drug therapy of allergic and autoimmune disorders p. 452
37.4 The management of primary immunodeficiences p. 454
37.5 Immunosuppression in tissue and organ transplantation p. 455
Section 4 Pharmacopoeia
Introductory notes p. 459
Index to drugs listed in the pharmacopoeia p. 461
Pharmacopoeia p. 469
General index p. 611
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