TY  - BOOK
AU  - Dale,Nell B.
AU  - Weems,Chip
TI  - Programming and problem solving with C++
SN  - 0763707988 (pbk.)
U1  - 005.133 22
PY  - 2005///
CY  - Boston
PB  - Jones and Bartlett Publishers
KW  - C++ (Computer program language)
N1  - Includes index; Preface v
1 Overview of Programming and Problem Solving 1
1.1 Overview of Programming 2
What Is Programming? 2
How Do We Write a Program? 3
1.2 What Is a Programming Language? 9
1.3 What Is a Computer? 15
1.4 Ethics and Responsibilities in the Computing Profession 24
Software Piracy 24
Privacy of Data 25
Use of Computer Resources 26
Software Engineering 27
1.5 Problem-Solving Techniques 27
Ask Questions 28
Look for Things That Are Familiar 28
Solve by Analogy 28
Means-Ends Analysis 29
Divide and Conquer 30
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The Building-Block Approach 30
Merging Solutions 31
Mental Blocks: The Fear of Starting 32
Algorithmic Problem Solving 33
Problem-Solving Case Study: An Algorithm for an Employee
Paycheck 33
Summary 37
Quick Check 38
Answers 39
Exam Preparation Exercises 39
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 41
Case Study Follow-Up 41
2 C++ Syntax and Semantics, and the Program Development
Process 43
2.1 The Elements of C++ Programs 44
C++ Program Structure 44
Syntax and Semantics 46
Syntax Templates 49
Naming Program Elements: Identifiers 52
Data and Data Types 53
Naming Elements: Declarations 56
Taking Action: Executable Statements 61
Beyond Minimalism: Adding Comments to a Program 66
2.2 Program Construction 67
Blocks (Compound Statements) 69
The C++ Preprocessor 71
An Introduction to Namespaces 73
2.3 More About Output 74
Creating Blank Lines 74
Inserting Blanks Within a Line 75
2.4 Program Entry, Correction, and Execution 76
Entering a Program 76
Compiling and Running a Program 77
Finishing Up 78
Problem-Solving Case Study: Contest Letter 79
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Testing and Debugging 83
Summary 84
Quick Check 85
Answers 87
Exam Preparation Exercises 88
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 90
Programming Problems 92
Case Study Follow-Up 94
3 Numeric Types, Expressions, and Output 95
3.1 Overview of C++ Data Types 96
3.2 Numeric Data Types 97
Integral Types 97
Floating-Point Types 98
3.3 Declarations for Numeric Types 99
Named Constant Declarations 99
Variable Declarations 100
3.4 Simple Arithmetic Expressions 101
Arithmetic Operators 101
Increment and Decrement Operators 104
3.5 Compound Arithmetic Expressions 105
Precedence Rules 105
Type Coercion and Type Casting 106
3.6 Function Calls and Library Functions 111
Value-Returning Functions 111
Library Functions 113
Void Functions 114
3.7 Formatting the Output 115
Integers and Strings 115
Floating-Point Numbers 118
3.8 Additional string Operations 122
The length and size Functions 122
The find Function 124
The substr Function 125
Problem-Solving Case Study: Painting Traffic Cones 128
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Testing and Debugging 132
Summary 133
Quick Check 133
Answers 135
Exam Preparation Exercises 136
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 140
Programming Problems 143
Case Study Follow-Up 145
4 Program Input and the Software Design Process 147
4.1 Getting Data into Programs 148
Input Streams and the Extraction Operator (>>) 149
The Reading Marker and the Newline Character 152
Reading Character Data with the get Function 153
Skipping Characters with the ignore Function 156
Reading String Data 157
4.2 Interactive Input/Output 158
4.3 Noninteractive Input/Output 160
4.4 File Input and Output 161
Files 161
Using Files 162
An Example Program Using Files 165
Run-Time Input of File Names 167
4.5 Input Failure 168
4.6 Software Design Methodologies 170
4.7 What Are Objects? 171
4.8 Object-Oriented Design 173
4.9 Functional Decomposition 174
Modules 176
Implementing the Design 177
A Perspective on Design 181
Problem-Solving Case Study: Stretching a Canvas 183
Testing and Debugging 189
Testing and Debugging Hints 191
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Summary 191
Quick Check 192
Answers 193
Exam Preparation Exercises 193
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 196
Programming Problems 198
Case Study Follow-Up 199
5 Conditions, Logical Expressions, and Selection
Control Structures 201
5.1 Flow of Control 202
Selection 203
5.2 Conditions and Logical Expressions 204
The bool Data Type 204
Logical Expressions 205
Precedence of Operators 214
Relational Operators with Floating-Point Types 216
5.3 The If Statement 217
The If-Then-Else Form 217
Blocks (Compound Statements) 220
The If-Then Form 222
A Common Mistake 224
5.4 Nested If Statements 224
The Dangling else 228
5.5 Testing the State of an I/O Stream 229
Problem-Solving Case Study: Warning Notices 231
Testing and Debugging 236
Testing in the Problem-Solving Phase: The Algorithm
Walk-Through 236
Testing in the Implementation Phase 239
The Test Plan 244
Tests Performed Automatically During Compilation and Execution
246
Testing and Debugging Hints 247
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Summary 249
Quick Check 249
Answers 250
Exam Preparation Exercises 250
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 254
Programming Problems 256
Case Study Follow-Up 259
6 Looping 261
6.1 The While Statement 262
6.2 Phases of Loop Execution 264
6.3 Loops Using the While Statement 265
Count-Controlled Loops 265
Event-Controlled Loops 267
Looping Subtasks 273
6.4 How to Design Loops 276
Designing the Flow of Control 277
Designing the Process Within the Loop 278
The Loop Exit 279
6.5 Nested Logic 280
Designing Nested Loops 284; Problem-Solving Case Study: Average Income by Gender 291
Testing and Debugging 297
Loop-Testing Strategy 297
Test Plans Involving Loops 297
Testing and Debugging Hints 299
Summary 300
Quick Check 301
Answers 301
Exam Preparation Exercises 302
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 305
Programming Problems 305
Case Study Follow-Up 308
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7 Functions 309
7.1 Functional Decomposition with Void Functions 310
When to Use Functions 311
Writing Modules as Void Functions 311
7.2 An Overview of User-Defined Functions 316
Flow of Control in Function Calls 316
Function Parameters 316
7.3 Syntax and Semantics of Void Functions 319
Function Call (Invocation) 319
Function Declarations and Definitions 320
Local Variables 322
The Return Statement 324
Header Files 325
7.4 Parameters 326
Value Parameters 327
Reference Parameters 328
An Analogy 331
Matching Arguments with Parameters 332
7.5 Designing Functions 335
Writing Assertions as Program Comments 337
Documenting the Direction of Data Flow 339
Problem-Solving Case Study: Comparison of
Furniture-Store Sales 343
Testing and Debugging 352
The assert Library Function 353
Testing and Debugging Hints 354
Summary 355
Quick Check 356
Answers 357
Exam Preparation Exercises 357
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 363
Programming Problems 365
Case Study Follow-Up 369
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8 Scope, Lifetime, and More on Functions 371
8.1 Scope of Identifiers 372
Scope Rules 374
Variable Declarations and Definitions 378
Namespaces 379
8.2 Lifetime of a Variable 382
Initializations in Declarations 382
8.3 Interface Design 384
Side Effects 384
Global Constants 387
8.4 Value-Returning Functions 389
Boolean Functions 394
Interface Design and Side Effects 398
When to Use Value-Returning Functions 399
Problem-Solving Case Study: Reformat Dates 401
Problem-Solving Case Study: Starship Weight
and Balance 412
Testing and Debugging 423
Stubs and Drivers 423
Testing and Debugging Hints 425
Summary 426
Quick Check 427
Answers 428
Exam Preparation Exercises 428
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 432
Programming Problems 433
Case Study Follow-Up 435
9 Additional Control Structures 437
9.1 The Switch Statement 438
9.2 The Do-While Statement 443
9.3 The For Statement 446
9.4 The Break and Continue Statements 450
9.5 Guidelines for Choosing a Looping Statement 453
Problem-Solving Case Study: Monthly Rainfall Averages 454
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Testing and Debugging 459
Testing and Debugging Hints 460
Summary 460
Quick Check 461
Answers 461
Exam Preparation Exercises 462
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 463
Programming Problems 465
Case Study Follow-Up 467; Problem-Solving Case Study: Average Income by Gender 291
Testing and Debugging 297
Loop-Testing Strategy 297
Test Plans Involving Loops 297
Testing and Debugging Hints 299
Summary 300
Quick Check 301
Answers 301
Exam Preparation Exercises 302
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 305
Programming Problems 305
Case Study Follow-Up 308
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7 Functions 309
7.1 Functional Decomposition with Void Functions 310
When to Use Functions 311
Writing Modules as Void Functions 311
7.2 An Overview of User-Defined Functions 316
Flow of Control in Function Calls 316
Function Parameters 316
7.3 Syntax and Semantics of Void Functions 319
Function Call (Invocation) 319
Function Declarations and Definitions 320
Local Variables 322
The Return Statement 324
Header Files 325
7.4 Parameters 326
Value Parameters 327
Reference Parameters 328
An Analogy 331
Matching Arguments with Parameters 332
7.5 Designing Functions 335
Writing Assertions as Program Comments 337
Documenting the Direction of Data Flow 339
Problem-Solving Case Study: Comparison of
Furniture-Store Sales 343
Testing and Debugging 352
The assert Library Function 353
Testing and Debugging Hints 354
Summary 355
Quick Check 356
Answers 357
Exam Preparation Exercises 357
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 363
Programming Problems 365
Case Study Follow-Up 369
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8 Scope, Lifetime, and More on Functions 371
8.1 Scope of Identifiers 372
Scope Rules 374
Variable Declarations and Definitions 378
Namespaces 379
8.2 Lifetime of a Variable 382
Initializations in Declarations 382
8.3 Interface Design 384
Side Effects 384
Global Constants 387
8.4 Value-Returning Functions 389
Boolean Functions 394
Interface Design and Side Effects 398
When to Use Value-Returning Functions 399
Problem-Solving Case Study: Reformat Dates 401
Problem-Solving Case Study: Starship Weight
and Balance 412
Testing and Debugging 423
Stubs and Drivers 423
Testing and Debugging Hints 425
Summary 426
Quick Check 427
Answers 428
Exam Preparation Exercises 428
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 432
Programming Problems 433
Case Study Follow-Up 435
9 Additional Control Structures 437
9.1 The Switch Statement 438
9.2 The Do-While Statement 443
9.3 The For Statement 446
9.4 The Break and Continue Statements 450
9.5 Guidelines for Choosing a Looping Statement 453
Problem-Solving Case Study: Monthly Rainfall Averages 454
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Testing and Debugging 459
Testing and Debugging Hints 460
Summary 460
Quick Check 461
Answers 461
Exam Preparation Exercises 462
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 463
Programming Problems 465
Case Study Follow-Up 467; 10 Simple Data Types: Built-In and User-Defined 469
10.1 Built-In Simple Types 470
Integral Types 472
Floating-Point Types 475
10.2 Additional C++ Operators 476
Assignment Operators and Assignment Expressions 478
Increment and Decrement Operators 479
Bitwise Operators 480
The Cast Operation 480
The sizeof Operator 481
The ?: Operator 481
Operator Precedence 482
10.3 Working with Character Data 484
Character Sets 485
C++ char Constants 487
Programming Techniques 488
10.4 More on Floating-Point Numbers 495
Representation of Floating-Point Numbers 495
Arithmetic with Floating-Point Numbers 498
Implementation of Floating-Point Numbers in the Computer 499
10.5 User-Defined Simple Types 505
The Typedef Statement 506
Enumeration Types 506
Named and Anonymous Data Types 513
User-Written Header Files 514
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10.6 More on Type Coercion 515
Type Coercion in Arithmetic and Relational Expressions 516
Type Coercion in Assignments, Argument Passing, and Return of a
Function Value 517
Problem-Solving Case Study: Finding the Area Under
a Curve 519
Problem-Solving Case Study: Rock, Paper, Scissors 527
Testing and Debugging 536
Floating-Point Data 536
Coping with Input Errors 536
Testing and Debugging Hints 537
Summary 539
Quick Check 539
Answers 540
Exam Preparation Exercises 540
Programming Warm-Up Exercises 543
Programming Problems 544
Case Study Follow-Up 545
11 Structured Types, Data Abstraction, and Classes 547
11.1 Simple Versus Structured Data Types 548
11.2 Records (C++ Structs) 549
Accessing Individual Components 551
Aggregate Operations on Structs 553
More About Struct Declarations 554
Hierarchical Records 555
11.3 Unions 557
11.4 Data Abstraction 559
11.5 Abstract Data Types 561
11.6 C++ Classes 564
Classes, Class Objects, and Class Members 568
Built-in Operations on Class Objects 569
Class Scope 571
Information Hiding 571
11.7 Specification and Implementation Files 573
The Specification File 573
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The Implementation File 575
Compiling and Linking a Multifile Program 580
11.8 Guaranteed Initialization with Class Constructors 582
Invoking a Constructor 584
Revised Specification and Implementation Files
for TimeType 585
Guidelines for Using Class Constructors 588
Problem-Solving Case Study: Manipulating Dates 590
Problem-Solving Case Study: Birthday Calls 602
Testing and Debugging 610
Testing and Debugging Hints 614
Summary 615
Quick Check 615
Answers 617
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