TY - BOOK AU - Baumann,Michael A. AU - Beer,R. TI - Endodontology SN - 9783131164629 U1 - 617.6342 22 PY - 2010///] CY - Stuttgart, New York PB - Thieme KW - Endodontics KW - Atlases KW - Root canal therapy KW - Dental Pulp Diseases KW - Root Canal Therapy KW - instrumentation KW - methods N1 - "This book is an authorized and revised translation of the 2nd German edition published and copyrighted 2008 ..."; "Title of the German edition: Farbatlanten der zahnmedizin: endodontologie."; Includes bibliographical references (p. 380-398) and index; Endodontology -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contributors -- Table of Contents -- A Basic Principles -- 1 Histology of the Pulp -- Embryonic Development of the Pulp -- Coronal Pulp -- Root (Radicular) Pulp -- 2 Pathobiology -- Reversible Pulpitis -- Carious Exposure of the Pulp-"Pulpitis aperta" -- Acute Irreversible Pulpitis -- Necrosis of Pulpal Tissue -- Bacterial Infection in the Root Canal -- Acute Apical Periodontitis -- Chronic Apical Periodontitis -- Radicular Cysts -- 3 Endodontic Microbiology -- Etiology of Apical Periodontitis -- Pathogenesis of Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis -- Microbiota in Primary Apical Periodontitis -- Acute Apical Periodontitis -- Post treatment Endodontic Infection -- Spreading of Endodontic Infections -- Periapical Actinomycosis and Other Extraradicular Infections -- Techniques for Studying Endodontic Microbiota -- 4 Endodontic Diagnosis -- Medical History and Clinical Examination -- Extra- and Intraoral Examination -- Diagnostic Tests -- Pulp Tests -- Differential Diagnosis -- Fracture/Cracked Tooth Syndrome -- Radiographic Examination -- 5 Endodontic Radiology -- Radiographic Dose and Quality -- Indications for Radiographs -- Digital or Analog? -- Film Holder Technique -- 6 Anatomy -- Computed Tomography-Clinical and 3D -- Computed Tomography-Research -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Clinical and 3D -- Important Variations in Dental Anatomy -- Maxillary Anterior Teeth -- Mandibular Anterior Teeth -- Maxillary Premolars -- Mandibular Premolars -- Maxillary Molars -- Peculiarities of Maxillary Molars -- Maxillary Molars -- Mandibular Molars -- Special Cases -- 7 Local Anesthesia -- Local Anesthetic Solutions (Amides) -- Technique -- Chronic Pain and Analgesic Medications -- Antibiotics -- 8 Emergency Endodontics -- Pulpal Diagnosis -- Devitalization of the Pulpal Tissues. Emergency Involving a Vital Pulp: Amputation of the Coronal Pulp -- Emergency Involving a Necrotic Pulp -- Emergency Involving Acute Apical Periodontitis -- Pain Following Canal Instrumentation -- B Instruments and Materials -- 9 Conventional Instruments and Advances in Design -- Further Developments -- 10 Nickel-titanium: Materials Science -- Design of Nickel-Titanium Files -- Cross Section of Nickel-Titanium Files -- 11 Irrigation, Drying, Medicated Dressings -- 12 Sonic and Ultrasonic Treatment -- Sonic Systems -- Ultrasonic Systems -- Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation -- Paradigm Shift: New Uses for Ultrasonics -- 13 Lasers -- 14 Gutta-percha -- 15 Retreatment -- C Root Canal Treatment -- 16 Rubber Dam -- The Rubber Dam -- Rubber Dam Clamps -- Pretreatment Preparation -- Applying the Rubber Dam -- Special Cases -- 17 Access Cavity Preparation -- Build-up Restorations -- Temporary Restoration -- Opening the Pulp Chamber -- Access Cavities -- Detection and Identification of Root Canal Orifices -- Straight-line Access -- Obliterated Root Canal Orifices -- Obliterated Root Canals -- 18 The Dental Microscope in Endodontics -- Construction and Functions -- Ergonomics -- Advantages of the Dental Microscope -- Magnification and Instrumentation -- Selection of a Dental Microscope -- 19 Determination of Working Length -- Clinical Methods for Working Length Determination -- Clinical Use of Apex Locators -- D Root Canal Instrumentation -- 20 Engine-driven Instrumentation Systems: History and Early Development -- Engine-driven Systems for Root Canal Instrumentation Using Stainless-Steel Instruments -- 21 Power-driven Instrumentation Systems: Recent Advancements -- 22 Fracture of Endodontic Instruments: Torque and Fatigue -- Crystal Structure of Nickel-Titanium and Steel -- Torque -- Fatigue -- 23 File Systems -- Alpha System -- FlexMaster -- K3 -- LightSpeed. Mtwo -- ProFile -- ProSystem GT -- ProTaper -- ProTaper Universal -- RaCe and S-Apex -- Summary and Conclusions -- 24 The Hybrid Concept of Nickel-titanium Rotary Instrumentation -- NiTi Rotary Instrumentation Rules -- Crown-down Technique -- Stepback Technique -- Extent of Root Canal Preparation -- Shaping the Body of the Root Canal -- Apical Preparation -- Limitations of the Hybrid Concept -- 25 Root Canal Disinfection -- Disinfection -- Ultrasonically Activated Irrigation -- New Irrigation and Disinfection Systems -- Possible Adverse Effects of Root Canal Irrigation -- Mechanical Irrigation with RinsEndo -- Endox -- Electrochemically Activated Water -- Photo-activated Disinfection -- Ozone -- Noninstrumentation Technique -- 26 Intracanal Dressings -- Temporary Coronal Restoration -- E Root Canal Filling -- 27 Introduction -- 28 Root Canal Filling Pastes -- 29 Lateral Compaction of Gutta-percha -- 30 Vertical Compaction of Warmed Gutta-percha -- Preparation of the Gutta-percha Cone (Cone Fit) -- Selecting the Right Plugger -- Cementing the Gutta-percha Cone -- Down-Packing -- Back-Packing -- Overfilling Versus Overextension -- Discussion of the Schilder Technique -- 31 System B / Obtura -- Preparation -- Down-Packing -- Back-Packing -- Science and Clinical Application -- 32 Thermafil -- 33 Gutta-percha Substitute: Resilon -- 34 GuttaFlow -- Practical Application of GuttaFlow -- 35 Coronal Seal / Leakage -- Clinical Causes -- Avoiding Leakage/Microleakage -- Studies of Coronal Microleakage -- F Postendodontic Procedures -- 36 Conventional Postendodontic Therapy -- Prefabricated Titanium Posts -- Custom-cast Post-and-core Build-up -- Two or More-piece Post-and-core Build-Ups -- 37 Adhesive-retained, Fiber-reinforced Composite Posts -- Creating Post Space and Preparation -- Adhesive Insertion of Fiber-reinforced Posts. 38 Clinical Methods with Glass Fiber Posts -- Lateral Compaction Fiber-Post Technique -- 39 Endodontic Retreatment Procedures -- Decision Criteria -- Technical Aspects -- Access to the Root Canal System -- Access to the Apex -- Management of Transported Foramina -- G Additional Topics -- 40 Endodontic Surgery -- Indications for Apicectomy -- Diagnosis -- Dental Microscope -- Flap Design and Soft-tissue Management -- Root Resection (Apicectomy) -- Retrograde Preparation -- Retrograde Filling -- Wound Closure and Initial Healing -- Prognosis -- 41 Traumatology -- Classification -- Crown Fractures without Pulpal Involvement -- Crown Fracture with Pulpal Involvement -- Crown-Root Fractures -- Root Fractures -- Dislocation Injuries -- Avulsion -- Consequences of Dislocation Injuries -- 42 Tooth Resorption -- Diagnosis of Resorption -- Treatment of Internal and Inflammatory Resorption -- Treatment of Invasive Cervical Resorption -- Treatment and Prevention of Replacement Resorption -- 43 Perforations -- Diagnosis of Perforation -- Management of Perforations -- Additional Complications -- Application of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate -- Surgical Management of Perforation Defects -- 44 Bleaching Discolored Teeth -- Walking Bleach Technique -- 45 Endodontics in the Deciduous Dentition -- Goals and Diagnosis -- Radiographic Diagnosis -- Prerequisites for Pediatric Dental Treatment -- Therapy: Pulpotomy -- Therapy: Pulpectomy -- Summary and Conclusions -- 46 Endodontics in the Mixed Dentition -- Methods for Maintaining Tooth Vitality -- Apexification -- 47 Immunopathogenesis of Periradicular Disease -- 48 Endodontology and General Systemic Health -- The "Focal Infection" Era -- Modern Endodontology, Oral Disease, and Systemic Health -- Bacteremia in Endodontics -- Effects of General Systemic Health on Endodontics. 49 Single Versus Multiple Sitting Root Canal Treatment -- Literature Review -- The Single-sitting Approach -- 50 Outcomes of Endodontic Treatment -- Nonsurgical Retreatment -- Surgical Retreatment -- Conclusions -- References -- Index ER -