Fiber optics : principles and practices / Abdul Al-Azzawi.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

FIBRE OPTIC CABLES Introduction The Evolution of Fibre Optic Cables Fibre Optic Cables Plastic Fibre Cables Light Propagation in Fibre Optic Cables Refractive-Index Profile Types of Fibre Optic Cables Polarization Maintaining Fibre Cables Specialty Fibre Cables Fibre Cable Fabrication Techniques Fibre Drawing Numerical Aperture Modes in a Fibre Optic Cable Light Source Coupling to a Fibre Cable Launching Light Conditions into Fibre Cables Fibre Tube Assembly Fibre Optic Cables versus Copper Cables Applications of Fibre Optic Cables Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading ADVANCED FIBRE OPTIC CABLES Introduction Advanced Types of Fibre Optic Cables Applications of Advanced Fibre Cables Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading LIGHT ATTENUATION IN OPTICAL COMPONENTS Introduction Light Losses in an Optical Material Attenuation Calculations Experimental Work List of References Appendices Further Reading FIBRE-OPTIC CABLE TYPES AND INSTALLATIONS Introduction Fibre-Optic Cable Types and Applications Fibre-Optic Cable Installation Methods Standard Hardware for Fibre-Optic Cables Fibre-Optic Cable Test Requirements Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading FIBRE-OPTIC CONNECTORS Introduction Applications of Connectors and Splices Requirements of Connectors and Splices Fibre Connectors Mechanical Considerations Fibre-Optic Connector Types Adapters for Different Fibre-Optic Connector Types Fibre-Optic Connector Structures Fibre-Optic Connector Assembly Techniques Fibre Splicing Fusion Splices Connectors versus Splices Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading PASSIVE FIBRE OPTIC DEVICES Introduction 2x2 Couplers 3 dB Couplers Y-Couplers Star Couplers Coupler Construction The Principle of Reciprocity Proximity Sensor Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Optical Isolators Optical Circulators Optical Filters Optical Fibre Ring Resonators Optical Modulators Optical Attenuators Other Types of Optical Fibre Devices Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXER Introduction Wavelength Division Multiplexing Time-Division Multiplexing Frequency-Division Multiplexing Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing Techniques for Multiplexing and De-Multiplexing Wavelength Division Multiplexers and De-Multiplexers Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Introduction Basic Applications of Optical Amplifiers Types of Optical Amplifiers Other Types of Optical Amplifiers Further Reading OPTICAL RECEIVERS Introduction Fibre Optic Receivers Principles of Semiconductors Properties of Semiconductor Photodetectors Types of Optical Detectors Comparison of Photodetectors Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading OPTICAL SWITCHES Introduction Opto-Mechanical Switches Electro-Optic Switches Thermo-Optic Switches Acousto-Optic Switches Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems 3D MEMS Based Optical Switches Micro-Opto-Mechanical Systems Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading OPTICAL FIBRE COMMUNICATIONS Introduction The Evolution of Communication Systems Electromagnetic Spectrum Overview The Evolution of Fibre Optic Systems Undersea DWDM Cable Network (SEA-ME-WE-3) Basic Communication Systems Types of Topologies Types of Networks Submarine Cables Open System Interconnection Performance of Passive Linear Optical Networks Performance of Star Optical Networks Transmission Links SONET/SDH Multiplexing Terminology and Signaling Hierarchy SONET and SDH Transmission Rates North American Optical and Digital Signal Designation SONET Systems STS-1 Frame Structure Metro and Long-Haul Optical Networks Network Configuration Further Reading FIBRE OPTIC LIGHTING Introduction Light Electrical Energy Consumption by Lighting Light Measurement Electrical Lighting System Fibre Optic Lighting System Advantages of Fibre Optic Lighting Fibre Optic Lighting Applications Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading FIBRE OPTIC TESTING Introduction Testing Photonics Components Optical Power Measurements (Intensity) Optical Frequency Measurements Testing Optical Fibre Switches Light Wavelength Measurements Device Power Handling Tests Troubleshooting Sources of Error During Fibre Optic Measurements Experimental Work List of References Appendix Further Reading PHOTONICS LABORATORY SAFETY Introduction Electrical Safety Light Sources Devices and Equipment Audio-Visual and Computer Peripherals Handling of Fibre Optic Cables Epoxy Adhesives and Sealants Cleaning Optical Components Optic/Optical Fibre Devices and Systems Cleaning Chemicals Warning Labels Laser Safety Laser Safety Tips Indoor Air Quality Other Considerations Further Reading APPENDIX A: DETAILS OF THE DEVICES, COMPONENTS, TOOLS, AND PARTS APPENDIX B: ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE OF A CONVENTIONAL ARTICULATING SPECTROMETER GLOSSARY INDEX

Offers a focused treatment for those in need of authoritative information on this critical area underlying phonetics. This book features chapters that explore the theoretical concepts of various topics, and demonstrate how these principles apply to real-world applications with experimental cases illuminated with numerous illustrations.