Common well control hazards : practical well control handbook : identification of hidden dangers in on-site well control equipments and remedies /
Sun, Xiaozhen, 1962-
Common well control hazards : practical well control handbook : identification of hidden dangers in on-site well control equipments and remedies / Practical well control handbook by Sun Xiaozhen. - 280 pages. : illustration ; 24 cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Machine generated contents note: 1. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Blowout Preventer (BOP) Installation --
1. Blowout Preventer Installation --
Hidden danger: The BOP's side holes face the drawworks --
Hidden danger: The pipe-ram BOP is above the blind-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: When the bell nipple is installed at the top of the --
BOP, unused thread holes are not blinded --
2. BOP Manual Lever Installation --
Hidden danger: Manual levers are not completely installed for BOPs with manual lock devices --
Hidden danger: The manual lever and locking shaft are not firmly connected --
Hidden danger: A cardan joint is not used for the connection of the manual lever and locking shaft --
Hidden danger: There is a barrier obstructing the manual lever turning scope --
Hidden danger: There is a barrier on the route of the manual lever or hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The manual lever does not connect outside of the derrick substructure --
Hidden danger: The offset angle between the manual lever and the BOP manual locking shaft center line is over 30° --
Hidden danger: There is no operating platform at the manual lever hand wheel or the operating platform is too high from the hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The manual lever hand wheel operating platform is too small, or it lacks a guardrail or handrail --
Hidden danger: The manual hand wheel is without an outer circle --
Defect: The manual hand wheels are vertically arranged or the heights of the hand wheels from the operating platform are inconsistent --
Defects: The manual lever support is not solid enough at the hand wheel side; too large degree of freedom --
Hidden danger: The signboard on the manual lever hand wheel does not identify the specific switch circles (loops/circles/laps) number --
Defect: The hand wheel is without an automatic counting device --
Hidden danger: Rotating a quarter- to a half-circle backward after being manually shut-in or locked in place --
3. BOP Stack Fixation --
Hidden danger: Guy/anchor lines overhang the lower part of the BOP or around the body --
Hidden danger: The guy line and BOP are not anchored --
Hidden danger: Fasten the anchor line without a steamboat ratchet or using a chain fall --
Hidden danger: The guy line diameter is less than 16mm --
Hidden danger: Guy lines are not laid along a diagonal line of the derrick substructure --
Hidden danger: Fasten guy lines (prop) to coping bolts of the annular preventer, side door bolts, or flange bolts --
Hidden danger: Guy lines are fixed upward or horizontally --
Hidden danger: The guy lines knot up when used without rope clamps, when rope clamps are fastened reversely, or when the clamp interval is not standard --
Defect: Fasten BOP stack by props --
Defect: The wire rope winds around the BOP's attachment flange --
4. Mud Fender and Others --
Hidden danger: The mud fender is horizontal or umbrella-shaped --
Hidden danger: The area of the mud umbrella is too small --
Hidden danger: The BOP is wrapped with a plastic cloth instead of using a mud umbrella --
Hidden danger: The rectangular well (cellar) lacks an operation platform --
2. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Blowout Preventers (BOPs) --
1. Installation of Hydraulic Pipe --
Defect: The hydraulic hose and BOP are connected with the straight sub --
Hidden danger: Failure to seal the hydraulic hose sub --
Hidden danger: The hydraulic line is buried, on the ground directly, or compressed by vehicles --
Hidden danger: The distance between the hydraulic piping and also flow line is less than 1m --
Defect: The distance between pipes of the double-deck pipe row rack is too close --
Defect: The baffle of the pipe row rack is fixed with bolts --
Defect: There is no measure to prevent oil pollution at hydraulic unions --
2. Remote Console --
Hidden danger: The position-limited device is used in the reversing valve of the pipe-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: The position-restricted device is used in the blind-ram BOP --
Defect: The position-restricted device is used in the reversing valve of the blind-shear-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: Hydraulic pipe in the remote console leaks oil --
Hidden danger: The oil atomizer or water-gas separator in the remote console is installed on an incline --
Hidden danger: There is too much or not enough oil in the remote console --
Defect: The turning direction of the control valves of the remote console and the driller's BOP control console comply with the working condition of the BOP --
Defect: Only the assistant driller is allowed to operate in the remote console --
3. Arrangement of Remote Console --
Hidden danger: The open road's width around the remote console is less than 2 m --
Hidden danger: The remote console is less than 25m from the wellhead --
Hidden danger: Flammable or explosive objects like oil tanks are within 10m of the remote console --
Hidden danger: The remote console is located in front of the derrick floor --
Defect: The door orientations of the remote console protection house are not identical --
4. BOP Driller's Console --
Hidden danger: The shear-ram BOP can be controlled remotely on the driller's console --
Hidden danger: The reversing valve of the blind-ram BOP is not installed with a safety baffle that prevents accidental operation --
Hidden danger: There is no BOP/gear break-proof safety device for the rig brake (drill rig break-proof device) --
3. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Choke Lines --
1. Gate Valve of CHOKE Lines --
Hidden danger: The No. 3 gate valve is a hydraulic valve --
Hidden danger: The No. 3 manual valve is normally closed --
Hidden danger: An obstacle at the valve's hand wheel obstructs the turning of the hand wheel --
Hidden danger: A gate doesn't have a hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The hand wheel faces toward the drawworks --
2. Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The choke line length surpasses 7m and is not fixed --
Defect: The choke lines can only use a hard-line pipeline --
Defect: The choke lines uses a threaded flange --
4. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Choke and Kill Manifolds --
1. Throttle and Well Killing Manifolds --
Hidden danger: Obstacles hinder the choke manifold gate valve hand wheel rotation --
Defect: The choke and kill manifolds five-way pressure gauge control valve does not indicate the on-off state with a hanging plate --
Hidden danger: The choke and kill manifolds do not have a pier base or the foundation is not firm --
Defect: The throttle and well killing manifolds do not use an adjustable height pier base --
Defect: The valve's on-off state is not legible on the nameplate --
2. Pressure Gauge --
Hidden danger: Throttle and well killing manifolds are without a low-range pressure gauge --
Defect: The throttle and well killing manifold high-pressure gauge's range does not match the rated pressure --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed either tilted or inverted --
Defect: The back of the pressure gauge dial is to the operator of the manual choke valve --
5. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Drilling Fluid Recovery Pipeline --
1. Drilling Fluid Recovery Line --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline's bent sub angle is less than 120° --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid bent sub is not made of cast steel --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline is connected by a union or flange with an asbestos sealing pad --
Hidden danger: The flanged surface of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not parallel --
Hidden danger: The bent sub of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline lies in the air --
Defect: Hard pipeline is used as the drilling fluid recovery pipeline --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline goes into another tank behind the degasser --
2. Fixing the Drilling Fluid Recovery Pipeline --
Hidden danger: The corner of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fixed --
Hidden danger: The middle section of the over-length drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fixed --
Hidden danger: The outlet of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fastened --
Hidden danger: The outlet fixing point of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is filled by a piece of wood --
6. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Relief Pipe Installation --
1. Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The length of the relief pipe is shorter than the stipulated length of the oil field --
Defect: The relief pipe outlet is higher than the inlet --
Hidden danger: Other devices are next to the relief pipe outlet --
Hidden danger: The relief pipe doesn't have a pipe bridge or the pipe bridge is unable to protect the relief pipe from being run over --
Defect: The drill pipe is used as the relief pipe --
Hidden danger: The interface/sub thread of the relief pipe was not well fastened --
Hidden danger: Relief pipe is installed through the drilling mud waste pit --
Hidden danger: The target side of the 90° buffer bent sub filled with lead faces the relief pipe outlet --
2. Fixing the Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The fixing point distance is over 15m --
Hidden danger: The turnings of the relief pipe are not fixed or are fixed too far from the bent sub --
Hidden danger: The fixing of the relief pipe is not firm enough --
Hidden danger: Material leaks from the fill-in pier base --
Hidden dangers: The exit port fixed point of the relief line is too far from the exit; the exit port of the pipeline uses just one fixed footing/pier base --
Defect: The fixed footing is laid on the ground --
Defect: A welded fixed plate/gland is used --
7. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Inside Blowout Preventers (IBOPs) --
1. Cocks --
Hidden danger: The cock is often closed or opened halfway. Note continued: Hidden danger: There are no marks for on-off or for the open hole position, or the marks are vague --
Hidden danger: The specification of the cock spanner is not consistent --
Hidden danger: The cock handle blocks the water course --
2. Drill String Check Valve --
Hidden danger: The drill string check valve lacks an open device --
Hidden danger: The water course of the check valve opening device is blocked --
3. Other Hidden Dangers --
Defect: The top of the drill collar lift sub has no box thread --
Defect: To avoid making a round trip with the drill collar, the BOP single is placed into a mouse hole or leaned against the ramp --
Defect: The rig substructure height is more than 9m while using a conventional BOP single --
8. Liquid-Gas Separator Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
1. Safety Valve --
Hidden danger: The liquid-gas separator has no safety valve --
Hidden danger: The safety valve is connected with a slender and curved discharge tube --
Hidden danger: The safety valve discharge points to the wellhead or tank area --
2. Pressure Gauge --
Defect: The pressure gauge installed at the top of the separator is not convenient to observe --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed in the liquid-gas separator pipe --
3. Liquid-Feed Pipe --
Hidden danger: The liquid-feed hard pipe is welded on site --
Hidden danger: The liquid-in pipe is connected with a union --
Hidden danger: A flange with an asbestos seal ring is used in the liquid-in pipe --
Hidden danger: The inlet pipe is not fixed --
4. Liquid Diversion Pipe --
Hidden danger: The height of the liquid level of the separator is used with a butterfly/disc valve --
Defect: The outlet is lower than the inlet of the liquid discharge pipe --
Hidden danger: The separator liquid (fluid outlet) is close to or more than half the height of the body of the separator --
Defect: The pipe outlet is placed in the conical tank --
Hidden danger: There is a liquid outlet near the bottom of the buffer tank --
Defect: A hard-line pipe is used in the discharge pipe --
5. Gas Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe diameter is less than the design diameter --
Hidden danger: The gas relief outlet is too close to the logging housing --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe emits gas at the wellhead --
6. Separator --
Hidden danger: The separator is not fixed or not firmly fixed --
Hidden danger: A fixed basket guy line screw is used --
Hidden danger: The guy line is not used with rope clamps, the number of rope clamps is less than three, or the rope clamps are fixed reversely --
Hidden danger: The guy line and separator are not anchored --
9. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Vacuum Degassers --
1. Vacuum Degasser --
Hidden danger: The degasser is not connected with a flare line pipe, fir the relief pipe is not connected at least 15 m beyond the tank area --
Hidden danger: Reduced diameter or a bent relief pipe of the degasser blocks the passage of gas --
Hidden danger: The relief pipe is upright, discharging gases above the tank area --
Hidden danger: The degasser is installed on the suction tank of the mud pump --
Hidden danger: The inlet and outlet of the degasser are both in the some tank --
Hidden danger: The degasser is installed on the tank before the mud recovery line outlet --
10. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Fireproofing, Explosion-proofing, and Preventing Hydrogen Sulfide --
1. Safety Measures of Fireproofing --
Hidden danger: Fire extinguishers are placed in the outdoor open air --
Hidden danger: Different types of powder fire extinguishers are used at the same time --
Defect: The crew is equipped only with BC powder fire extinguishers --
Hidden danger: The fire extinguisher exceeds its expiration date --
Hidden danger: The site is not equipped with enough fire extinguishers --
Hidden danger: Extinguishers are not maintained and checked regularly --
Defect: The fire controlling pump is laid manually in the fire controlling house --
2. Explosion-proof Safety Measures --
Hidden danger: There are non-explosion-proof electric devices within 30m of the wellhead --
Hidden danger: The bolts on the shell of the explosion-proof electric devices don't screw lightly --
Defect: Explosion-proof electric devices are used beyond the explosion-proof area --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe of the diesel engine has no cooling and spark-eliminating devices --
Defect: The diesel engine's cooling and spark-eliminating devices increase power loss --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe of the diesel engine is toward the wellhead or circulating tank area --
Hidden danger: The boiler house is located downwind --
Hidden danger: The distance between the oil tank and generating house is less than 20 m --
3. Safety Measures of Preventing Hydrogen Sulfide --
Hidden danger: There is too great a distance between the hydrogen sulfide monitor and the monitoring level --
Hidden danger: The non-explosion-proof alarming controller of hydrogen sulfide is put in the explosion-proof area --
Hidden danger: The hydrogen sulfide sign tag doesn't provide the status of the well site --
Defect: A warning sign is hung in a well site without hydrogen sulfide --
Defect: The facilities room contains all positive pressure respirators --
Hidden danger: There is no breath air compressor --
11. Other Well Control Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
1. Well Control Device --
Hidden danger: The bolt is shorter on one side of the flange connection --
Hidden danger: There are different standards for flange connection bolts --
Hidden danger: Field welding the blowout preventer choke/kill line and flow line pipe, drilling fluid recovery pipe, and fluid feed pipe for the gas-fluid separator --
Hidden danger: There is no cutoff valve for the manifold pressure gauge --
Hidden danger: The fingers of the pressure gauge fall off or cannot return to zero --
Defect: The well control devices were not painted with a warning color (e.g., red) --
2. Shut-in Warning Signs --
Defect: The names of these warning signs have pitfalls --
Defect: No recommended value of allowable shut-in casings corresponds with different fluid densities --
Defect: The warning signboards are located away from the manual choke valve --
3. Liquid Level Alarm Device --
Defect: The mechanical liquid level ruler is measured in centimeters --
Hidden danger: The scale on the mechanical liquid level ruler was not rounded to times of stere --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid tank in circulation does not have a fluid level ruler --
Hidden danger: The mechanical liquid level ruler is not flexible --
Defect: The fluid level alarm device causes a false alarm --
Defect: Use the ruler to measure the fluid level --
Hidden danger: The fluid level ruler is installed on the wall of the tank --
4. Warning Bugle on Derrick Floor --
Hidden danger: Using an automatic reset pneumatic bugle button --
Hidden danger: The bugle is not loud enough --
5. Common Defects and Remedies of BOP Drills --
Hidden danger: During the BOP drill, the flat valve stays closed after turning off the throttling valve --
Hidden danger: Using hand gestures to transfer signals during the BOP drill --
6. Other Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
Hidden danger: The records on duty are not easy to calculate the variation of drilling fluid or there are some irrelevant parameters --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed horizontally --
12. Exercise: Identifying Hidden Dangers --
1. Pictures of Hidden Dangers or Defects --
2. Answers.
9780123970305 (alk. paper)
2012014421
Oil wells--Blowouts--Prevention--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Gas wells--Blowouts--Prevention--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Oil wells--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Gas wells--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Oil fields--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
TN871.215 / .S86 2013
622.230289 / S.X.C
Common well control hazards : practical well control handbook : identification of hidden dangers in on-site well control equipments and remedies / Practical well control handbook by Sun Xiaozhen. - 280 pages. : illustration ; 24 cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Machine generated contents note: 1. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Blowout Preventer (BOP) Installation --
1. Blowout Preventer Installation --
Hidden danger: The BOP's side holes face the drawworks --
Hidden danger: The pipe-ram BOP is above the blind-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: When the bell nipple is installed at the top of the --
BOP, unused thread holes are not blinded --
2. BOP Manual Lever Installation --
Hidden danger: Manual levers are not completely installed for BOPs with manual lock devices --
Hidden danger: The manual lever and locking shaft are not firmly connected --
Hidden danger: A cardan joint is not used for the connection of the manual lever and locking shaft --
Hidden danger: There is a barrier obstructing the manual lever turning scope --
Hidden danger: There is a barrier on the route of the manual lever or hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The manual lever does not connect outside of the derrick substructure --
Hidden danger: The offset angle between the manual lever and the BOP manual locking shaft center line is over 30° --
Hidden danger: There is no operating platform at the manual lever hand wheel or the operating platform is too high from the hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The manual lever hand wheel operating platform is too small, or it lacks a guardrail or handrail --
Hidden danger: The manual hand wheel is without an outer circle --
Defect: The manual hand wheels are vertically arranged or the heights of the hand wheels from the operating platform are inconsistent --
Defects: The manual lever support is not solid enough at the hand wheel side; too large degree of freedom --
Hidden danger: The signboard on the manual lever hand wheel does not identify the specific switch circles (loops/circles/laps) number --
Defect: The hand wheel is without an automatic counting device --
Hidden danger: Rotating a quarter- to a half-circle backward after being manually shut-in or locked in place --
3. BOP Stack Fixation --
Hidden danger: Guy/anchor lines overhang the lower part of the BOP or around the body --
Hidden danger: The guy line and BOP are not anchored --
Hidden danger: Fasten the anchor line without a steamboat ratchet or using a chain fall --
Hidden danger: The guy line diameter is less than 16mm --
Hidden danger: Guy lines are not laid along a diagonal line of the derrick substructure --
Hidden danger: Fasten guy lines (prop) to coping bolts of the annular preventer, side door bolts, or flange bolts --
Hidden danger: Guy lines are fixed upward or horizontally --
Hidden danger: The guy lines knot up when used without rope clamps, when rope clamps are fastened reversely, or when the clamp interval is not standard --
Defect: Fasten BOP stack by props --
Defect: The wire rope winds around the BOP's attachment flange --
4. Mud Fender and Others --
Hidden danger: The mud fender is horizontal or umbrella-shaped --
Hidden danger: The area of the mud umbrella is too small --
Hidden danger: The BOP is wrapped with a plastic cloth instead of using a mud umbrella --
Hidden danger: The rectangular well (cellar) lacks an operation platform --
2. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Blowout Preventers (BOPs) --
1. Installation of Hydraulic Pipe --
Defect: The hydraulic hose and BOP are connected with the straight sub --
Hidden danger: Failure to seal the hydraulic hose sub --
Hidden danger: The hydraulic line is buried, on the ground directly, or compressed by vehicles --
Hidden danger: The distance between the hydraulic piping and also flow line is less than 1m --
Defect: The distance between pipes of the double-deck pipe row rack is too close --
Defect: The baffle of the pipe row rack is fixed with bolts --
Defect: There is no measure to prevent oil pollution at hydraulic unions --
2. Remote Console --
Hidden danger: The position-limited device is used in the reversing valve of the pipe-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: The position-restricted device is used in the blind-ram BOP --
Defect: The position-restricted device is used in the reversing valve of the blind-shear-ram BOP --
Hidden danger: Hydraulic pipe in the remote console leaks oil --
Hidden danger: The oil atomizer or water-gas separator in the remote console is installed on an incline --
Hidden danger: There is too much or not enough oil in the remote console --
Defect: The turning direction of the control valves of the remote console and the driller's BOP control console comply with the working condition of the BOP --
Defect: Only the assistant driller is allowed to operate in the remote console --
3. Arrangement of Remote Console --
Hidden danger: The open road's width around the remote console is less than 2 m --
Hidden danger: The remote console is less than 25m from the wellhead --
Hidden danger: Flammable or explosive objects like oil tanks are within 10m of the remote console --
Hidden danger: The remote console is located in front of the derrick floor --
Defect: The door orientations of the remote console protection house are not identical --
4. BOP Driller's Console --
Hidden danger: The shear-ram BOP can be controlled remotely on the driller's console --
Hidden danger: The reversing valve of the blind-ram BOP is not installed with a safety baffle that prevents accidental operation --
Hidden danger: There is no BOP/gear break-proof safety device for the rig brake (drill rig break-proof device) --
3. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Choke Lines --
1. Gate Valve of CHOKE Lines --
Hidden danger: The No. 3 gate valve is a hydraulic valve --
Hidden danger: The No. 3 manual valve is normally closed --
Hidden danger: An obstacle at the valve's hand wheel obstructs the turning of the hand wheel --
Hidden danger: A gate doesn't have a hand wheel --
Hidden danger: The hand wheel faces toward the drawworks --
2. Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The choke line length surpasses 7m and is not fixed --
Defect: The choke lines can only use a hard-line pipeline --
Defect: The choke lines uses a threaded flange --
4. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Choke and Kill Manifolds --
1. Throttle and Well Killing Manifolds --
Hidden danger: Obstacles hinder the choke manifold gate valve hand wheel rotation --
Defect: The choke and kill manifolds five-way pressure gauge control valve does not indicate the on-off state with a hanging plate --
Hidden danger: The choke and kill manifolds do not have a pier base or the foundation is not firm --
Defect: The throttle and well killing manifolds do not use an adjustable height pier base --
Defect: The valve's on-off state is not legible on the nameplate --
2. Pressure Gauge --
Hidden danger: Throttle and well killing manifolds are without a low-range pressure gauge --
Defect: The throttle and well killing manifold high-pressure gauge's range does not match the rated pressure --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed either tilted or inverted --
Defect: The back of the pressure gauge dial is to the operator of the manual choke valve --
5. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Drilling Fluid Recovery Pipeline --
1. Drilling Fluid Recovery Line --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline's bent sub angle is less than 120° --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid bent sub is not made of cast steel --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline is connected by a union or flange with an asbestos sealing pad --
Hidden danger: The flanged surface of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not parallel --
Hidden danger: The bent sub of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline lies in the air --
Defect: Hard pipeline is used as the drilling fluid recovery pipeline --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid recovery pipeline goes into another tank behind the degasser --
2. Fixing the Drilling Fluid Recovery Pipeline --
Hidden danger: The corner of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fixed --
Hidden danger: The middle section of the over-length drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fixed --
Hidden danger: The outlet of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is not fastened --
Hidden danger: The outlet fixing point of the drilling fluid recovery pipeline is filled by a piece of wood --
6. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Relief Pipe Installation --
1. Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The length of the relief pipe is shorter than the stipulated length of the oil field --
Defect: The relief pipe outlet is higher than the inlet --
Hidden danger: Other devices are next to the relief pipe outlet --
Hidden danger: The relief pipe doesn't have a pipe bridge or the pipe bridge is unable to protect the relief pipe from being run over --
Defect: The drill pipe is used as the relief pipe --
Hidden danger: The interface/sub thread of the relief pipe was not well fastened --
Hidden danger: Relief pipe is installed through the drilling mud waste pit --
Hidden danger: The target side of the 90° buffer bent sub filled with lead faces the relief pipe outlet --
2. Fixing the Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The fixing point distance is over 15m --
Hidden danger: The turnings of the relief pipe are not fixed or are fixed too far from the bent sub --
Hidden danger: The fixing of the relief pipe is not firm enough --
Hidden danger: Material leaks from the fill-in pier base --
Hidden dangers: The exit port fixed point of the relief line is too far from the exit; the exit port of the pipeline uses just one fixed footing/pier base --
Defect: The fixed footing is laid on the ground --
Defect: A welded fixed plate/gland is used --
7. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Inside Blowout Preventers (IBOPs) --
1. Cocks --
Hidden danger: The cock is often closed or opened halfway. Note continued: Hidden danger: There are no marks for on-off or for the open hole position, or the marks are vague --
Hidden danger: The specification of the cock spanner is not consistent --
Hidden danger: The cock handle blocks the water course --
2. Drill String Check Valve --
Hidden danger: The drill string check valve lacks an open device --
Hidden danger: The water course of the check valve opening device is blocked --
3. Other Hidden Dangers --
Defect: The top of the drill collar lift sub has no box thread --
Defect: To avoid making a round trip with the drill collar, the BOP single is placed into a mouse hole or leaned against the ramp --
Defect: The rig substructure height is more than 9m while using a conventional BOP single --
8. Liquid-Gas Separator Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
1. Safety Valve --
Hidden danger: The liquid-gas separator has no safety valve --
Hidden danger: The safety valve is connected with a slender and curved discharge tube --
Hidden danger: The safety valve discharge points to the wellhead or tank area --
2. Pressure Gauge --
Defect: The pressure gauge installed at the top of the separator is not convenient to observe --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed in the liquid-gas separator pipe --
3. Liquid-Feed Pipe --
Hidden danger: The liquid-feed hard pipe is welded on site --
Hidden danger: The liquid-in pipe is connected with a union --
Hidden danger: A flange with an asbestos seal ring is used in the liquid-in pipe --
Hidden danger: The inlet pipe is not fixed --
4. Liquid Diversion Pipe --
Hidden danger: The height of the liquid level of the separator is used with a butterfly/disc valve --
Defect: The outlet is lower than the inlet of the liquid discharge pipe --
Hidden danger: The separator liquid (fluid outlet) is close to or more than half the height of the body of the separator --
Defect: The pipe outlet is placed in the conical tank --
Hidden danger: There is a liquid outlet near the bottom of the buffer tank --
Defect: A hard-line pipe is used in the discharge pipe --
5. Gas Relief Pipe --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe diameter is less than the design diameter --
Hidden danger: The gas relief outlet is too close to the logging housing --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe emits gas at the wellhead --
6. Separator --
Hidden danger: The separator is not fixed or not firmly fixed --
Hidden danger: A fixed basket guy line screw is used --
Hidden danger: The guy line is not used with rope clamps, the number of rope clamps is less than three, or the rope clamps are fixed reversely --
Hidden danger: The guy line and separator are not anchored --
9. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies of Vacuum Degassers --
1. Vacuum Degasser --
Hidden danger: The degasser is not connected with a flare line pipe, fir the relief pipe is not connected at least 15 m beyond the tank area --
Hidden danger: Reduced diameter or a bent relief pipe of the degasser blocks the passage of gas --
Hidden danger: The relief pipe is upright, discharging gases above the tank area --
Hidden danger: The degasser is installed on the suction tank of the mud pump --
Hidden danger: The inlet and outlet of the degasser are both in the some tank --
Hidden danger: The degasser is installed on the tank before the mud recovery line outlet --
10. Common Hidden Dangers and Remedies for Fireproofing, Explosion-proofing, and Preventing Hydrogen Sulfide --
1. Safety Measures of Fireproofing --
Hidden danger: Fire extinguishers are placed in the outdoor open air --
Hidden danger: Different types of powder fire extinguishers are used at the same time --
Defect: The crew is equipped only with BC powder fire extinguishers --
Hidden danger: The fire extinguisher exceeds its expiration date --
Hidden danger: The site is not equipped with enough fire extinguishers --
Hidden danger: Extinguishers are not maintained and checked regularly --
Defect: The fire controlling pump is laid manually in the fire controlling house --
2. Explosion-proof Safety Measures --
Hidden danger: There are non-explosion-proof electric devices within 30m of the wellhead --
Hidden danger: The bolts on the shell of the explosion-proof electric devices don't screw lightly --
Defect: Explosion-proof electric devices are used beyond the explosion-proof area --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe of the diesel engine has no cooling and spark-eliminating devices --
Defect: The diesel engine's cooling and spark-eliminating devices increase power loss --
Hidden danger: The gas relief pipe of the diesel engine is toward the wellhead or circulating tank area --
Hidden danger: The boiler house is located downwind --
Hidden danger: The distance between the oil tank and generating house is less than 20 m --
3. Safety Measures of Preventing Hydrogen Sulfide --
Hidden danger: There is too great a distance between the hydrogen sulfide monitor and the monitoring level --
Hidden danger: The non-explosion-proof alarming controller of hydrogen sulfide is put in the explosion-proof area --
Hidden danger: The hydrogen sulfide sign tag doesn't provide the status of the well site --
Defect: A warning sign is hung in a well site without hydrogen sulfide --
Defect: The facilities room contains all positive pressure respirators --
Hidden danger: There is no breath air compressor --
11. Other Well Control Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
1. Well Control Device --
Hidden danger: The bolt is shorter on one side of the flange connection --
Hidden danger: There are different standards for flange connection bolts --
Hidden danger: Field welding the blowout preventer choke/kill line and flow line pipe, drilling fluid recovery pipe, and fluid feed pipe for the gas-fluid separator --
Hidden danger: There is no cutoff valve for the manifold pressure gauge --
Hidden danger: The fingers of the pressure gauge fall off or cannot return to zero --
Defect: The well control devices were not painted with a warning color (e.g., red) --
2. Shut-in Warning Signs --
Defect: The names of these warning signs have pitfalls --
Defect: No recommended value of allowable shut-in casings corresponds with different fluid densities --
Defect: The warning signboards are located away from the manual choke valve --
3. Liquid Level Alarm Device --
Defect: The mechanical liquid level ruler is measured in centimeters --
Hidden danger: The scale on the mechanical liquid level ruler was not rounded to times of stere --
Hidden danger: The drilling fluid tank in circulation does not have a fluid level ruler --
Hidden danger: The mechanical liquid level ruler is not flexible --
Defect: The fluid level alarm device causes a false alarm --
Defect: Use the ruler to measure the fluid level --
Hidden danger: The fluid level ruler is installed on the wall of the tank --
4. Warning Bugle on Derrick Floor --
Hidden danger: Using an automatic reset pneumatic bugle button --
Hidden danger: The bugle is not loud enough --
5. Common Defects and Remedies of BOP Drills --
Hidden danger: During the BOP drill, the flat valve stays closed after turning off the throttling valve --
Hidden danger: Using hand gestures to transfer signals during the BOP drill --
6. Other Hidden Dangers and Remedies --
Hidden danger: The records on duty are not easy to calculate the variation of drilling fluid or there are some irrelevant parameters --
Hidden danger: The pressure gauge is installed horizontally --
12. Exercise: Identifying Hidden Dangers --
1. Pictures of Hidden Dangers or Defects --
2. Answers.
9780123970305 (alk. paper)
2012014421
Oil wells--Blowouts--Prevention--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Gas wells--Blowouts--Prevention--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Oil wells--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Gas wells--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Oil fields--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
TN871.215 / .S86 2013
622.230289 / S.X.C